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Salt, Alec N. – Volta Review, 2005
The inner ear is exposed to aminoglycosides or other drugs either intentionally or as a side effect of clinical treatments directed at other regions of the body. An understanding of the effects of drugs on the inner ear requires knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of the drug once it reaches the cochlear fluids, specifically how much of it reaches…
Descriptors: Hearing Impairments, Pharmacology, Human Body, Drug Therapy
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Sha, Su-Hua – Volta Review, 2005
The problem of aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity, which was recognized within a year of the discovery of streptomycin to combat tuberculosis in 1944, is still of great concern due to the widespread use of these powerful antibacterial agents. These drugs can damage to varying degrees the cochlea and vestibular system. Their primary targets are the…
Descriptors: Hearing Impairments, Pathology, Diseases, Drug Therapy
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Talaska, Andra E.; Schacht, Jochen – Volta Review, 2005
The search for protection from aminoglycoside ototoxicity is nearly as old as their use as antibiotics. However, only in recent years has focused research on the mechanisms underlying the insults to the inner ear led to coherent attempts at protection, such as antioxidant therapy or interference with cell death signaling pathways. Successful…
Descriptors: Outcomes of Treatment, Pharmacology, Drug Therapy, Hearing Impairments
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Glick, Ira D.; Zisook, Sidney – Academic Psychiatry, 2005
Objective: For a variety of pedagogical, political and financial reasons, there are major problems in achieving effective teaching of cutting-edge psychopharmacology for psychiatric residents. This article focuses on ways to improve the teaching/learning process, in part through the use of structured curricula. The authors review 1) attempted…
Descriptors: Pharmacology, Curriculum, Role, Educational Improvement
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Jefferson, James W. – Academic Psychiatry, 2005
Objective: To address the issue of how much psychiatric residents should be taught about older medications. Methods: Selective use of the literature, including historical overview, was employed to compare and contrast old and newer generation medications. Results: While many old drugs are truly antiquated, medications such as typical…
Descriptors: Pharmacology, Patients, Drug Therapy, Drug Use
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Carlson, John S.; Demaray, Michelle Kilpatrick; Hunter-Oehmke, Shana – Psychology in the Schools, 2006
A national sample of 320 school-based, practicing members of the National Association of School Psychologists provided information on (a) their caseloads receiving medications, (b) types of school psychopharmacology training opportunities available and perceptions of their current training in child psychopharmacology, and (c) information about…
Descriptors: Pharmacology, School Psychologists, Independent Reading, Educational Opportunities
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Sallee, Floyd R.; Miceli, Jeffrey J.; Tensfeldt, Thomas; Robarge, Lisa; Wilner, Keith; Patel, Nick C. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006
Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide single-dose pharmacokinetic, safety, and tolerability data for ziprasidone in youths with tic disorder, for comparison to adult studies to discern whether ziprasidone pediatric dosing could be modeled from adult data. Method: A single-dose, open-label study of ziprasidone was conducted in youths…
Descriptors: Safety, Pharmacology, Children, Drug Therapy
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Hellings, Jessica A.; Zarcone, Jennifer R.; Reese, R. Matthew; Valdovinos, Maria G.; Marquis, Janet G.; Fleming, Kandace K.; Schroeder, Stephen R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2006
Risperidone has shown safety and efficacy for aggressive and destructive behaviors in short-term studies. This longer-duration study includes a broad sample. Forty subjects, aged 8-56 years (mean=22), all with mental retardation and 36 with autism spectrum disorders participated in this 22-week crossover study, with 24 weeks of open maintenance…
Descriptors: Drug Therapy, Mental Retardation, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children
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Pliszka, Steven R.; Matthews, Thomas L.; Braslow, Kenneth J.; Watson, Melissa A. – Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006
Objective: To determine whether methylphenidate (MPH) and mixed salts amphetamine (MSA) have different effects on growth in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Method: Patients treated for at least 1 year with MPH or MSA were identified. A linear regression was performed to determine the effect of stimulant type, patient…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Disorders, Children, Stimulants, Hyperactivity
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Branch, Marc N. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2006
Behavioral pharmacology is a maturing science that has made significant contributions to the study of drug effects on behavior, especially in the domain of drug-behavior interactions. Less appreciated is that research in behavioral pharmacology can have, and has had, implications for the experimental analysis of behavior, especially its…
Descriptors: Behavior Theories, Behavioral Sciences, Pharmacology, Drug Therapy
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Jones, M. Gail; Falvo, Michael R.; Broadwell, Bethany; Dotger, Sharon – Science and Children, 2006
Self-assembly or spontaneous assembly is a process in which materials build themselves without assistance. This process plays a central role in the construction of biological structures and materials such as cells, viruses, and bone, and also in abiotic processes like phase transitions and crystal formation. The principles of self-assembly help…
Descriptors: Models, Class Activities, Microbiology, Chemistry
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Ginsburg, Golda S.; Riddle, Mark A.; Davies, Mark – Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of somatic symptoms (SSs) in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders; the relationship between SSs and anxiety severity, impairment, and child global functioning; and the impact of fluvoxamine (FLV) versus pill placebo (PBO) on reducing SSs. Method: As part of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial,…
Descriptors: Severity (of Disability), Adolescents, Rating Scales, Anxiety
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Hansen, Phyllis, Comp. – 1984
Vitamin C is an important vitamin. Since its discovery in 1937, it has been acclaimed as a possible preventive or cure for the common cold, the flu, and even cancer. Others believe vitamin C is harmful if taken in megadoses. As the controversy continues, facts and research results become increasingly important. This bibliography, which provides…
Descriptors: Biochemistry, Books, Cancer, Diagnostic Tests
Vander Zanden, Jeanne A. – 1988
This introduction to basic principles of psychotropic drug use in developmentally disabled patients is intended to provide personnel working in the field with information on appropriate clinical use as well as potential risks. Presented in outline form, information is provided on five classes of psychotropic drugs: antipsychotics; antidepressants;…
Descriptors: Depression (Psychology), Developmental Disabilities, Drug Therapy, Emotional Disturbances
Berry, Donald A. – 1989
The use of a Bayesian approach in evaluating data from clinical trials with many treatment centers and from many studies is discussed. The main distinction between a metaanalysis and an analysis of a multicenter trial is that different studies may have very different designs, while the centers in a multicenter trial usually follow the same…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Drug Use, Mathematical Models, Meta Analysis
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