This article describes a system of scheduling football games between school teams by means of a computer with the objective of matching teams of approximately equal ability. (JD)

This study tested the hypothesis that when extrinsic rewards for an intrinsically interesting activity are withdrawn, the activity acquires aversive properties through the arousal of anticipatory frustration, which causes decreased interest. Subjects were 64 7-year-old children. (Author/JMB)

A sample of 75 children from first, third, and fifth grades were each asked a series of questions in 6 topic areas dealing with such issues as conventionality, moral rules, and physical laws. (Author/JMB)

This study examined the general importance of similarity in children's causal reasoning and the relation between similarity and the other principles of causal inference. Participants were 16 boys and 16 girls at each of four grade levels: K, 2, 4, and 6. (Author/JMB)

Examined the effect of monetary incentives on word list memory. Subjects were 72 children from grades 4, 6, and 8. (BD)

Examines the correlation between reflection-impulsivity scores on the Matching Familiar Figures (MFF) test and scores on the WISC and CTMM intelligence tests. Subjects were 53 ten-year-old girls. Results were discussed in terms of certain characteristics of the tests used and in terms of the age of the subjects. (BD)

Elementary school alcoholics are not anonymous. Article suggests methods for identifying the signs and taking action to solve the problems suffered by young alcoholics. (Editor/RK)

Children in crowded classrooms need private uninhabited space to think, work, read, confer quietly or wonder. Suggestions were offered for utilizing available areas that can be turned into private working spaces for students. (Author/RK)

This is the third in a series of articles on using mathematical techniques from history to provide an interesting way for middle graders to practice math. (Editor)

Kindergarten and third grade subjects were timed while they verified sentences that paired animal names and properties varying in saliency and type of meaning. Results showed kindergarteners to be as adept as third graders in retrieving functional meaning that was highly salient and dynamic. (Author/JMB)

Children aged 5 to 12 years and college students were asked to judge hypothetical persons' ability or effort from information about task outcome, task difficulty, and magnitude of the complementary personal characteristic, effort, or ability. (JMB)

Children and adults in large environments showed no developmental differences in judging distances separated by barriers and not separated by barriers. Variables included type of barrier, distance, and environmental experience. (JS)

Examined short-term effects of playing versus observing violent versus nonviolent video games on the aggression of elementary school children. Children (N=146) played or observed games for 14 minutes, then completed three measures of aggression. Found no differences between violent and nonviolent conditions on measures of aggression. (Author/NB)

Describes referrals for family therapy by school counselors. Discusses the referral process, nature of family therapy, pitfalls in the referral process, and guidelines for successful referrals. Concludes counselors can avoid many pitfalls by an appreciation of the interactional nature of the referral process. (ABL)