Looks at the socioeconomic rationale for higher-education provision in developing countries. Reviews costs and benefits associated with investment in higher education as a whole (especially in different postsecondary subjects) with particular attention paid to returns to scale from university expansion. Makes distinction between incidence and…

Highlights data on salaries and employment status of chemists based on results of a 1982 survey of American Chemical Society (ACS) members. Indicates that unemployment has risen slightly and, although salaries are up moderately, inflation tends to wipe out any financial gain. (JN)

Suggests that hiring one's own university graduates is increasingly taboo. This conclusion is derived from experience with a departmental hiring committee and a survey of large universities. Concludes universities seek to avoid bad impressions, and only the weak or very strong hire "their own." (Author)

Presents results of research to examine the role of the firm in women's job mobility by using employment history data. Observes that processes involved in shifting jobs within an organization differ from those in job changes between employers. Demonstrates the advantages of firm internal labor markets in women's employment. (Author/MJL)

Productivity growth was slow during 1958-80, partly because of the industry's tendency to retain skilled workers during cyclical downturns; computers and other electronic equipment aided production, but diffusion of such innovations has been slow. (Author)

Indicates a current shortage of analytical chemists with Ph.D.'s in academia and industry which will continue during the 1980s. Discusses several factors responsible for the shortage. (SK)

Reports on the childhood antecedents of the sexual division of labor, analyzing the family chores and paid employment of boys and girls, ages 2 to 17. Data show family background characteristics and structure have little impact compared to sex and age as determinants of sex typing. (Author/APM)

Reviews recent gains and continuing problems in women's employment and in sex equity in education (curriculum, materials, and personnel). Part of a theme issue on women in education. (SJL)

Intended for music educators who may be called upon to advise students on a music career, this article discusses trends in music teacher supply and demand, including variations by region and by teaching specialty. It also notes desirable personal qualities and professional preparation for music teaching which students must consider. (SJL)

Jobless rates among Black youths have remained far above prerecession levels. Analysis shows military reductions, population trends, and the minimum wage have contributed to Black youths' problems. Job programs have helped, as could new efforts to integrate school and work in low-income areas. (Author/SK)

For the average out-of-school youth, teenage unemployment has little effect on the wages earned as an adult. There is indirect evidence that government training programs offset part of the effect of long-term teenage unemployment. (JOW)

Seven leading trend indicators from a "Change" survey of 200 representative colleges and universities are analyzed. These include: enrollments, total employment, total current revenues, voluntary giving, capital contracts commitments, surplus of revenues over expenditures, and expendable reserves. (JMF)

A survey of 690 veterinary graduates (1939-1967) of the University of Teheran is discussed. Data include: socioeconomic background, motivation for studying veterinary medicine, views on veterinary curriculum, and professional activities. Wastage is noted among graduates who leave their vocational profession and take up other jobs. (Author/MLW)

The author reviews literature on teacher surplus since 1968 and projects that by 1985 there will be a teacher surplus of 800,000. He suggests there are advantages to such surplus but concludes that prospective teachers should analyze their choice carefully, and experienced teachers may face new tensions and trials. (KC)

To say that the statistics on the academic job market for the humanities Ph.D. are disheartening is an understatement. In response to this problem, the University of Michigan has established a graduate career counseling and placement office to assist graduate students in exploring nonteaching alternatives. (Author)