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Peer reviewed
Direct linkDerrick, Gemma E.; Samuel, Gabrielle N. – Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy, 2016
Realising the societal gains from publicly funded health and medical research requires a model for a reflexive evaluation precedent for the societal impact of research. This research explores UK Research Excellence Framework evaluators' values and opinions and assessing societal impact, prior to the assessment taking place. Specifically, we…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Evaluation Methods, Peer Evaluation, Medical Research
Mawdsley, David; Higgins, Julian P. T.; Sutton, Alex J.; Abrams, Keith R. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2017
In meta-analysis, the random-effects model is often used to account for heterogeneity. The model assumes that heterogeneity has an additive effect on the variance of effect sizes. An alternative model, which assumes multiplicative heterogeneity, has been little used in the medical statistics community, but is widely used by particle physicists. In…
Descriptors: Databases, Meta Analysis, Goodness of Fit, Effect Size
Friede, Tim; Röver, Christian; Wandel, Simon; Neuenschwander, Beat – Research Synthesis Methods, 2017
Meta-analyses in orphan diseases and small populations generally face particular problems, including small numbers of studies, small study sizes and heterogeneity of results. However, the heterogeneity is difficult to estimate if only very few studies are included. Motivated by a systematic review in immunosuppression following liver…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Diseases, Medical Research, Research Problems
Fanshawe, Thomas R.; Shaw, Luke F.; Spence, Graeme T. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2017
Introduction: Previous studies suggest that many systematic reviews contain meta-analyses that display temporal trends, such as the first study's result being more extreme than later studies' or a drift in the pooled estimate. We assessed the extent and characteristics of temporal trends using all Cochrane intervention reports published 2008-2012.…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Intervention, Databases, Medical Research
Network Meta-Analysis of Disconnected Networks: How Dangerous Are Random Baseline Treatment Effects?
Béliveau, Audrey; Goring, Sarah; Platt, Robert W.; Gustafson, Paul – Research Synthesis Methods, 2017
In network meta-analysis, the use of fixed baseline treatment effects (a priori independent) in a contrast-based approach is regularly preferred to the use of random baseline treatment effects (a priori dependent). That is because, often, there is not a need to model baseline treatment effects, which carry the risk of model misspecification.…
Descriptors: Risk, Network Analysis, Meta Analysis, Outcomes of Treatment
Thiem, Alrik – American Journal of Evaluation, 2017
The search for necessary and sufficient causes of some outcome of interest, referred to as "configurational comparative research," has long been one of the main preoccupations of evaluation scholars and practitioners. However, only the last three decades have witnessed the evolution of a set of formal methods that are sufficiently…
Descriptors: Qualitative Research, Research Methodology, Comparative Analysis, Tutorial Programs
Gilliland, C. Taylor; Sittampalam, G. Sitta; Wang, Philip Y.; Ryan, Philip E. – Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 2017
Translational science is an emerging field that holds great promise to accelerate the development of novel medical interventions. As the field grows, so does the demand for highly trained biomedical scientists to fill the positions that are being created. Many graduate and postdoctorate training programs do not provide their trainees with…
Descriptors: Public Agencies, Researchers, Research and Development, Theory Practice Relationship
Hamilton, Jahnese; Ingham, Barry; McKinnon, Iain; Parr, Jeremy R.; Tam, Louise Yuen-Chong; Le Couteur, Ann – British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2017
Background: Adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism are often excluded from participating in health and healthcare research. Understanding study information, which is an important aspect of demonstrating capacity to give informed consent, can be a particular challenge. This study surveyed clinical researchers to discover: (i) their…
Descriptors: Adults, Intellectual Disability, Cognitive Ability, Informed Consent
Young, Jonathan – ProQuest LLC, 2017
Translational research (TR) is the process of bringing innovations from basic science into applied science, usually referring to the practice of medicine. It has been assumed that cross-disciplinary collaboration, or interdisciplinarity research (IDR), is essential to translation. Yet there is a gap in the literature regarding the interaction…
Descriptors: Interdisciplinary Approach, Medical Research, Medicine, Bibliometrics
Van Wart, Audra; O'Brien, Theresa C.; Varvayanis, Susi; Alder, Janet; Greenier, Jennifer; Layton, Rebekah L.; Stayart, C. Abigail; Wefes, Inge; Brady, Ashley E. – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2020
Experiential learning is an effective educational tool across many academic disciplines, including career development. Nine different institutions bridged by the National Institutes of Health Broadening Experiences in Scientific Training Consortium compared their experiments in rethinking and expanding training of predoctoral graduate students and…
Descriptors: Career Development, Biomedicine, Graduate Students, Medical Students
Marshall, Iain J.; Noel-Storr, Anna; Kuiper, Joël; Thomas, James; Wallace, Byron C. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2018
Machine learning (ML) algorithms have proven highly accurate for identifying Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) but are not used much in practice, in part because the best way to make use of the technology in a typical workflow is unclear. In this work, we evaluate ML models for RCT classification (support vector machines, convolutional neural…
Descriptors: Randomized Controlled Trials, Accuracy, Computer Software, Classification
Debray, Thomas P. A.; Moons, Karel G. M.; Riley, Richard D. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2018
Small-study effects are a common threat in systematic reviews and may indicate publication bias. Their existence is often verified by visual inspection of the funnel plot. Formal tests to assess the presence of funnel plot asymmetry typically estimate the association between the reported effect size and their standard error, the total sample size,…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Comparative Analysis, Publications, Bias
Noorani, Tehseen; Karlsson, Magnus; Borkman, Thomasina – Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice, 2018
Background: This article charts the relationships between the model of evidence-based practice (EBP), healthcare markets where providers are increasingly competing through the adoption of EBP-certified interventions, and the cultivation of experiential knowledge within self-help and mutual aid groups (MAGs). After 35 years of neoliberal reform,…
Descriptors: Experiential Learning, Knowledge Level, Social Support Groups, Self Help Programs
Download full textMarriott, Lisa K.; Link, Aaron Raz; Anitori, Roberto; Blackwell, Ernest; Blas, Andrea; Brock, Jennifer; Burke, Tracey; Burrows, Julia A.; Cabrera, Alexis P.; Helsham, Derek; Liban, Lorna B.; Mackiewicz, Marilyn R.; Maruyama, Mika; Milligan-Myhre, Kathryn C. A.; Pangelinan, Perry J. C.; Hattori-Uchima, Margaret; Reed, Russell; Simon, Benjamin E.; Solomon, Beylul; Trinidad, Alma M. O.; Wyatt, Letisha R.; Covarrubia, Alonso Delgado; Zell, Adrienne; Adrienne, Thomas E.; Morris, Cynthia; Crespo, Carlos J. – Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 2021
Research experience provides critical training for new biomedical research scientists. Students from underrepresented populations studying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are increasingly recruited into research pathways to diversify STEM fields. However, support structures outside of research settings designed to help…
Descriptors: Biomedicine, Medical Research, Disproportionate Representation, STEM Education
Rookwood, Aislinn C.; Bronner, Liliana P.; Abney, Mariah A.; Butler-Robbins, Hannah S.; Pocwierz-Gaines, Misty S.; Larson, Alaina C.; Huckleby, Alexis M.; Solheim, Joyce C.; Godfrey, Maurice; Idoate, Regina E. – Journal of STEM Outreach, 2021
In response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a cancer research education program at the University of Nebraska Medical Center designed for Native American middle school, high school and undergraduate students adapted activities to be delivered online. There are considerable challenges to adapting in-person science programming to online delivery that…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Distance Education, Electronic Learning
