A mixed-design study investigated how teachers and second/third- and fourth-grade bilingual students in three high-poverty schools responded to dialogic cognitive strategy instruction or dialogic responsive engagement (RE) instruction compared with a treated control (vocabulary). The second graders were taught in Spanish, and the fourth graders…

Motivation in reading is very important for engaging learners in reading activity which can affect better reading comprehension. However, without motivation in reading can affect the worst reading comprehension. Therefore, motivation in reading needs to be constructed first by the teachers. This study examined whether intrinsic and extrinsic…

The aim of this study is to examine the problem-solving processes and problem-posing skills of pre-service mathematics teachers, which consists of four stages (understanding the problem, preparing a plan for the solution, applying the plan, evaluating) defined by Polya (1997) with the progressive scoring scale based on the alternative assessment…

Research into reading difficulties in Russian has been taking place for about a century, since the 1920s. Early research established a line of studies on reading acquisition difficulties in the context of highly structured practices of teaching reading. These practices were propagated in the mid-late 19th century by Konstantin Ushinskii, who…

This article reports the effect of short films as an advance organizer on the development of students' reading skills. The current study aimed to investigate how short films affect the comprehension and reading self-efficacy perception of students from different socioeconomic levels. The participants included 204 fifth grade students from three…

The purpose of this article is to describe what needs to happen in Australian schools to provide effective literacy support for adolescent students with reading difficulties. The central thesis of this paper is that the Response to Intervention (RtI) model provides a useful framework for organizing multi-tiered evidence-based reading interventions…

The range of teaching materials now available is becoming increasingly diverse. Despite this, however, the use and influence of textbooks in teaching still remains very high. When instructing reading comprehension, teachers often use textbooks as the basis for teaching in language lessons. Establishing a good match between textbooks and the skills…

Teachers' use of the target language for instruction in the context of foreign language teaching has been identified as a key factor for learning. However, it has also been observed that teachers do not use the target language for reasons such as lack of proficiency in the second language (L2), lack of pedagogical content knowledge or confidence…

This study examined multilingual learners' achievement and growth in their language and literacy skills. Fifty-two multilingual students in Grades 2 and 4 with varying levels of English proficiency from Spanish-speaking homes in the American South participated in this study. They were assessed on English reading comprehension (RC), English word…

Background: Many first-year students find the reading of academic texts to be challenging and overwhelming. In particular, first-year students studying sociology at the South African institution where the study was conducted complain of comprehension challenges. This may be due to the presence of numerous theoretical and abstract concepts in…

Cohesion is a very important part of learning English. The Cohesion Theory of Halliday and Hasan is of great importance for people to acquire the knowledge of cohesion. This study is aimed at applying this Cohesion Theory in CET-4 listening comprehension which is an important test for Chinese college students. This study uses the test papers of…

Third to fifth graders read an interactive choose-your-own adventure e-Book. User logs recorded their reading behaviors and were used to investigate students' in-the-moment reading behaviors. Reader's standards of coherence, motivation, and reading strategies were hypothesized to relate to children's reading behaviors, such as time reading pages,…

As we listen to speech, our ability to understand what was said requires us to retrieve and bind together individual word meanings into a coherent discourse representation. This so-called semantic unification is a fundamental cognitive skill, and its development relies on the integration of neural activity throughout widely distributed functional…

We examined the relations of inference, vocabulary, decoding, short-term memory, and attentional control to reading comprehension and mathematics performance for first-grade students in the US (N = 83). The students were composed of 75% Hispanics, 15% Whites, and 6% Asian Americans. Students' performance on mathematics and reading comprehension…

The rise of modern architecture styles has strongly impacted the younger generation globally in the current century. This research is designed to study the performance of working memory on understanding Lanna architecture with young adults at a large university in northern Thailand, that of Mae Fah Luang University in Chiang Rai Province,…