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Sasser, Linda M.; Keenan, Verne – 1982
Age-related improvement of mnemonic performances of children has attracted many investigators wishing to determine developmental mechanisms which might produce this improvement. Potential explanations have been subsumed under three major categories: capacity, strategies, and knowledge structures. The present investigation, in focusing on…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Processes, Cues, Memory
Christiansen, Bruce; Goldman, Mark S. – 1982
Experimental research has firmly established the role of expectancies in determining the behavioral consequences of alcohol consumption. To ascertain whether these alcohol expectancies derive from direct pharmacological experience with alcohol or from nonpharmacological, social-learning factors, an adolescent expectancy questionnaire was…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Age Differences, Alcoholic Beverages, Behavior Patterns
Rubin, Alan M. – 1982
A study examined differences in television viewing behaviors and attitudes across age groups of children in their home environment. Personal interviews were conducted with 162 children, ages 5 to 12, in a midwestern elementary school. The interview assessed home environment (1) television viewing relationships, including viewing companion and…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Childhood Attitudes, Children, Cognitive Development
Cann, Arnie – 1982
The series of experiments reported here investigated dimensions of children's sex stereotypes. The first study revealed that children were aware of sex stereotypes as early as 2 1/2 years of age. Furthermore, the tendency to categorize according to sex increased through their eighth year. The second study investigated whether sex stereotypes…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Childhood Attitudes, Children, Cognitive Processes
Somervill, Christine Z. – 1980
There is a growing recognition of the importance of counseling for the elderly. However, the effectiveness of various therapeutic techniques with a geriatric population has yet to be determined. Age of the therapist as a potential variable affecting self-disclosing behavior was assessed to determine the effect of counselor self-disclosure on…
Descriptors: Adult Counseling, Age Differences, Counseling Effectiveness, Counseling Techniques
Baskin, David; Beale, Claudette J. – 1982
There is a common perception that stresses tend to increase and accumulate with age, but there have been no definitive studies of differences in perceived life stress among different age groups. To study these differences, a quasi-random sample of 215 adults completed a 41 item life-stressor questionnaire, modified from the Paykel (1971) and…
Descriptors: Adult Development, Adults, Age Differences, Aging (Individuals)
Nicolopoulou, Ageliki – 1985
The present study examines interrelations between young children's conceptions of similarity and difference prior to the operational coordination of these relations. A total of 24 preoperational children, 8 each at 3, 4, and 5 years of age, were tested with a classificatory task. Materials included four different geometrical shapes, with four…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Classification, Cognitive Ability, Piagetian Theory
Demuth, Katherine – 1984
A description of the pragmatic functions of word order in the Bantu language, Sesotho, and of how children begin to produce them illustrates the developmental trends characterizing Sesotho-speaking children's learning of different word orders. It supports findings from previous language acquisition studies that have indicated that children tend…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Bantu Languages, Child Language
Newport, Elissa L. – 1984
In examining the issue of why children do so well at language learning despite limited skill and experience, two possible explanations are addressed: one suggests that children learn language well exactly because they are limited, and the other proposes that children are extremely adept at language learning, perhaps more so than adults. Research…
Descriptors: Age Differences, American Sign Language, Child Language, Language Acquisition
Dennis, Sonja I. – 1984
Case's cognitive developmental theory was used in an investigation of unconstrained drawings by children 4, 6, 8, and 10 years of age. The objectives were: (1) to look for qualitative changes in drawing at these ages, (2) to relate whatever changes were found to qualitative changes in other tasks during the same period, and (3) to test whether a…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Childrens Art, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Tests
Cross, Toni; Kirkman, Maggie – 1981
Studies are reviewed on the spontaneous speech of mothers of hearing children and hearing impaired children of various ages. Results are reported according to six major topics (sample findings in parentheses): syntax (the syntactic complexity and length of maternal utterances uniformly increased with the age of the hearing children from infancy to…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Communication Skills, Hearing Impairments, Interaction
Ramsey, Darhyl S.; Ramsey, Jonny H. – 1981
An investigation was made of the effects of age and sex on preschool children's discrimination of intensity in musical contexts. Subjects included 92 children ranging in age from 37 to 70 months. A total of 47 females and 45 males participated in the study. To determine preschoolers' loudness discrimination abilities, a new test was designed: The…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Auditory Discrimination, Melody, Performance Factors
Goodnow, Jacqueline; And Others – 1984
This paper summarizes several studies about children and childrearing within the broader context of questions about the processes of social and physical cognition of both children and adults. A brief background section covers some reasons for being interested in parents' ideas and discusses some general models, borrowed mainly from work on…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Child Development, Children
Harkness, Sara; Super, Charles M. – 1983
Recent American research has explored developmental trends in gender segregation of children's peer groups. However, it is important to differentiate systematic trends in children from systematic changes in their environments. This report, based on data gathered from 1972 to 1975, presents evidence on gender segregation in Kipsigis children's peer…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Cultural Influences, Foreign Countries
Fisher, Terri D.; And Others – 1984
Previous studies of the effect of age and modality on digit span task performance have yielded inconsistent results. To eliminate some of the methodological difficulties in prior research, 18 college students and 18 older adults were given the digit span task by means of three different modalities: (1) visual successive; (2) visual simultaneous;…
Descriptors: Age Differences, College Students, Higher Education, Memory
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