Explored the employment of master's degree level counselors in substance abuse centers (N=435) and examined the direct care services and administrative duties they perform. Findings suggest that a high percentage of mental health counselors are employed in substance abuse centers and that mental health counselors function as individual, group,…

Examines the following eight skill areas that dominate the career advising profession: presenting/teaching, programming, marketing/outreach, researching/reporting, writing, technology, advising/consulting, and adaptability. Emphasizes adaptability as a missing skill requirement. Discusses appropriate background and education for career advising…

Studies the decline of immigrants with professional and technical occupations to the United States, using data from the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service. Data show a shift in where immigrants are coming from, that is, less technologically inclined countries; and greater immigration of categories with low proportions of professional and…

Cluster analysis grouped 621 jobs into 6 "contours" showing that from 1973-1990 employment distribution shifted away from 2 middle-quality to the 2 highest-quality contours; no change was apparent in the 2 lowest quality. Black and Hispanic men were affected by a worsening job mix and drop in the quality of low-skill jobs. Women experienced a…

Issues in the reconceptualization of the relationship between higher education and employment, especially in the European countries, are examined. It is proposed that higher education can influence employment patterns and trends in ways that are currently underestimated, and that a new approach to the study of this relationship should focus on the…

Presents results of a survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers of its employer members. Responding organizations (n=422) rated on-campus recruitment as the most effective method of attracting college graduates. General trends are analyzed in terms of diversity, downsizing, company growth, competition, and selectivity. (JPS)

Summarizes the revised economic and policy types of the Economic Research Service's rural county classification system. The new typology is based on conditions in more recent years, includes Alaska and Hawaii, redefines persistent poverty, includes more county types, makes economic types nonoverlapping, and classifies counties designated as…

Current work force trends such as teamwork, empowerment, and quality pose challenges for traditional testing. Tests that can provide diagnostic developmental information for improving job performance are needed. Innovative practices such as video-based testing are emerging. (SK)

It is argued that employment data provide a useful and flexible metric to assess social impact. Problems and advantages with the traditional use of population statistics and the use of employment data are discussed, and an example of the use of each is given. (SLD)

In terms of employment, the best performer over the last decade was health services. The industry added nearly 3 million jobs, accounting for 1 of every 6 new jobs in the economy since 1980. (Author)

Examination of production jobs in 93 manufacturing firms (1978-86) and clerical jobs in 211 firms (1978-88) suggests (1) significant upskilling within most production jobs; (2) in clerical jobs, an even split between raised and lowered skill levels; and (3) decreasing skill levels associated with office automation. (SK)

Provides a detailed investigation of retention and exit patterns in the federal civil service. Discusses federal pay and turnover, changes in the federal workforce, and the impact of retention problems on the quality of federal workers and on affirmative action. (JOW)

Presents graphs showing employment and unemployment rates of 16 to 24 year olds by age, sex, and race from 1970-91, as well as types of employment obtained by young adults and median income. Also compares high school graduates and dropouts. (SK)

Data from the 1970 and 1980 censuses showed that (1) occupational and industrial segregation declined; (2) high employment growth in an occupation was associated with the decline; and (3) high employment growth is associated with improvements in relative female earnings. Results suggest that sex discrimination is lower in sectors where demand is…

A comparison of 1980 and 1987 follow-up studies of graduates of a bachelor of secretarial arts degree program indicates that significant change has occurred: fewer women are entering the business education teaching profession, salaries have improved, and the "office of the future" has become the office of 1990. (JOW)