This study compared the object naming, object recognition, reading, and spelling abilities of 22 adults, half with written language difficulties and half without. Significant positive relationships were obtained between object naming ability and reading ability, object naming and spelling, and reading and spelling performance. Results suggest that…

Investigates the extent to which readers make inferences and integrations during reading. Finds that slow readers and readers with "careful-reading" instructions appear to infer script-arguments and integrate arguments to a high degree. Finds that fast readers and readers with "fluent-reading" instructions do not infer script-information and show…

Evaluates the hypothesis that dyslexic children have a specific deficit in phonological reading processes to elucidate the characteristics of developmental dyslexics' reading skills. Finds no evidence for distinct subtypes of dyslexia, although recent conceptualizations of reading development provide a better framework in which to investigate…

Examines fifth grade students' metacognitive response to ambiguous literacy tasks and explores the relationship between that response and academic achievement. Finds that a relationship exists between the depth and functionality dimensions: the greater the depth of metacognitive plans, the more likely they are to lead to academic success. (MG)

The complex interactions between picture, text, and learner are examined, based on a 3-D model which describes the context of the learning task. The different strategies that children of various ability levels use in reading from illustrated texts are described. (KR)

This study of 508 Israeli kindergarten children learning to read Hebrew found that phonemic segmentation skills and reading acquisition are highly interrelated. Learning to read was the main factor accounting for the sharp increase in phonological awareness between six and seven years of age, and reading acquisition was facilitated by prior…

High school students (n=80) read two passages from each of three domains of career literature: short stories, formal literature, and popular literature. Both reading skill and cognitive development were related to extent to which adolescents appreciated three passages which presented career information. Reported need for information to make career…

A study of the reading performance of 82 Swedish children (age 9) with visual impairment, and controls, revealed that the two groups were in a more equivalent environment in school than at home. Children with visual impairments had less exposure to the incidental reading that leads to reading development. (CR)

Reports on a study designed to resolve debates regarding whether phonemic awareness is acquired naturally as part of phonological awareness, or whether it is an artifact of reading tuition. Describes a study of preliterate children, presents results of multiyear observations of students' literacy, and discusses implications for the developmental…

A 13-month study investigated phonological abilities and reading acquisition in six 7-year-old Finnish nonreaders. Results found gradual progress at the group level; however, analysis of the individual profiles indicated large interindividual variations in the rate of improvement and in the relationship between different phonological manipulation…

This interview, with one of the most influential professors in the field of developmental education and study skills, reviews the state of reading study skills as they apply to college students. Also discusses the new sixth edition of his book, "How to Study in College." (SL)

Details two experiments examining transfer effects across contextual and linguistic boundaries with poor readers. Concludes that non-fluent readers do not completely integrate surface characteristics (words) and the message of the text. Word-level representations remain free to support transfer across various processing episodes. Maintains that a…

Investigated the relationship between grammatical knowledge and reading ability in third grade good and poor readers. Two aspects of grammar--binding and control--were assessed to determine whether poor readers had syntactic deficits. Interpretations were assessed through a sentence-picture matching task in which picture depictions of all possible…

Presents three research claims that may have influenced the adoption of rhyme and analogy as part of the National Literacy Strategy. Notes that the three claims are: rhyme awareness is related to reading ability; rhyme awareness affects reading achievement; and rhyme awareness leads to the development of phoneme awareness. Concludes that not one…

The phonological-awareness skills of 19 New Zealand children who are blind and were using Braille as their reading medium were compared to controls who were three years younger. Children who had difficulty reading Braille were delayed in their development of phonological awareness, demonstrating strengths and weaknesses similar to the controls.…