Through unusual treaty provisions, the Nez Perce retained fishing and land use rights on 13 million "ceded" nonreservation acres. Nez Perce tribal government has developed a departmental organization that applies technical knowledge to the management of water resources, wildlife, fisheries, forestry, cultural resources, business…

Provides an interview in which Twila Martin, a member of the Chippewa tribe, reflects upon her experiences as a politician, educator, and social activist. Discusses the importance of traditional tribal leadership, the role of tribal colleges in strengthening that leadership, and the creation of Turtle Mountain College, in North Dakota. (MAB)

Legal gaming operations are permitting various Indian nations to build strong economies and well-managed tribal governments that fund education and social services as first priorities. Experiences of the Wisconsin Oneida and Mashantucket Pequot (Connecticut) demonstrate that when access to resources and markets is not prevented, Indians have a…

Defines federal consultation with American Indian tribes (including lineal descendants, traditional religious leaders, and interested public) to ensure a tribal voice in federal management of tribal lands and cultural resources as required by the Constitution, treaties, statutes, court decisions, and policy. Cites consultation specifics of 11…

Such issues as access to subjects; data ownership, analysis, and interpretation; and control over findings reflect a struggle for power between researchers and American Indian tribes. Responsible, respectful scholarship demonstrates understanding of the historical relationship between Native Americans and academics and of the new research…

Examines the evolution of historic preservation activities on American Indian reservations and the increasing participation of tribal governments. Discusses amendments to the National Historic Preservation Act that supported tribal involvement; tribal assumption of State Historic Preservation Office functions; preservation as part of cultural…

About 1.5 million people in the United States identify themselves as Indians. Despite great cultural diversity, all Native groups have a common feature: they suffer poverty and related problems stemming from their relationship to White America. For four generations, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) has exercised an incredible degree of economic…

In October 1991, a Congressional committee heard testimony on proposals to expand and extend the Tribal Self-Governance Demonstration Project. Originally authorized in 1988, the project allows participating tribes to negotiate the transfer of Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) programs and services to the tribes through compacts of self-governance and…

This report summarizes legislative activities in states that enacted bills and resolutions relating to Native Americans in 1991. Conflicts between states and the Indian tribes within their borders were the subject of significant legislation in 1991. In all, 220 bills and resolutions were introduced in state legislatures; 77 passed and 20 are still…

Wisconsin encompasses an astonishingly representative illustration of the total historical development of federal Indian policy and Indian reactions to it. Wisconsin's Indian population (at least 25,000 people) is the third largest east of the Mississippi River and offers great diversity (3 major linguistic stocks, 6 broad tribal affiliations, and…

An appeal to the Supreme Court addressd the question whether federal law preempts a state (New Mexico) tax imposed on the gross receipts that a non-Indian construction company (Lembke Construction Company) receives from a tribal school board (Ramah Navajo School Board) for the construction of a school for Navajo children on the reservation. The…

Demonstrating the fact that the United States recognizes tribal groups (American Indians, Eskimos, and/or Aleuts) as sovereign bodies and conducts business and civil affairs with them accordingly, this paper examines an area in U.S. Law that is either unclear or entirely lacking--the treatment of tribal right to ownership or control of the…

This article includes a report from the Select Committee to the NCAI Convention, summarizing their activities to date, the Senate floor debate on whether to continue the committee, and the statements of Kirke Kickingbird and Charles Trimble at a hearing before the Rules Committee in support of S. Res. 405 to continue the committee. (RTS)

The relationship between Native Americans and the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is ambivalent. Most BIA commissioners, like Dillon Myer, have been assimilationists who have tried to get the government "out of Indian business." Recent policies stressing self-determination are in jeopardy as pressure mounts for decreased federal domestic…

Highlights and explains the major components of the Federal Indian Policy and the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Policy for the Administration of Environmental Programs on Indian Reservations. Reviews EPA projects which aim to implement aspects of the Federal Indian Policy. Cites examples of efforts encouraging positive federal, state,…