The Federal government can meet its responsibility to ensure a certain minimum level of living for its citizens in two ways. An income-tested approach provides minimum standards of income, goods, and/or services for only the poor. A non-income-tested approach provides minimum standards for all citizens, regardless of income. This paper reports on…

A financial survey views the net effect of California's Proposition 13 as effectively lowering financial support of libraries 25 percent. After three years, this reduction in income has resulted in a 22 percent drop in the number of library outlets, a 23 percent reduction in operating hours, and an 18 percent loss in library staffing. Funds for…

THIS PUBLICATION CONTAINS PAPERS PRESENTED AT A COLLOQUIUM HELD BY THE COLLEGE SCHOLARSHIP SERVICE IN 1965. THE PAPERS DEAL BROADLY WITH THE QUESTION OF THE MOST EFFECTIVE METHODS OF FINANCING HIGHER EDUCATION, AND WITH THE ROLE AND PROBLEMS OF THE EDUCATIONAL CONSUMER. THE PAPERS DEAL WITH--(1) THE ECONOMICS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, (2) PRICING…

UNDER PRESENT FISCAL POLICIES, BOARDS OF EDUCATION DO NOT HAVE ENOUGH MONEY TO PROVIDE THE KIND AND QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS NEEDED FOR THE WELL-BEING OF OUR SOCIETY. THE FOLLOWING POLICIES OFFER PROMISE AS GUIDES. THE FINANCIAL BURDEN SHOULD BE SHARED BY ALL CITIZENS AND BY ALL LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT. DETERMINATION OF NEEDS SHOULD BE THE…

THE HYPOTHESIS THAT PUBLIC EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURES ARE RELATED TO THE RELIGIOUS COMPOSITION OF A COMMUNITY WAS TESTED STATISTICALLY. EIGHTEEN RANDOMLY SELECTED SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA SCHOOL DISTRICTS FROM A TOTAL OF 130 HAVING MORE THAN 300 PUPILS IN ADA WERE USED FOR THE STUDY. QUESTIONNAIRES ON RELIGIOUS PREFERENCES WERE SENT TO 50 RANDOMLY…

The Birmingham (Alabama) school district regressed from a model system in 1926 to a poorly equipped, underfunded one in 1975. In that year, however, in spite of recession and joblessness, the citizens voted a $3 million tax increase for schools. The success of the election may be traced to several factors. Citizens were concerned about the…

This report presents the case for preservation of tax incentives to giving for higher education. Following introductory material, chapter 2 reviews the nature of the present crisis in financing higher education and the vital importance of voluntary support. Chapter 3 presents arguments in favor of the charitable deduction as an incentive for…

This study is an outgrowth of the plans and programs set in motion by the study of professor Ralph Blasingame, Rutgers University Graduate School, in 1968, and the 1969 legislation setting up the Ohio Library Development Plan (OLDP). Its purposes are to describe the system of financing public libraries in Ohio, to identify problem areas, and to…

There exists a clearly and amply documented need for an alternative to the property tax as a means of supporting public education, and many fiscal experts have expressed themselves in favor of the municipal income tax as a recourse. This analysis attempts to demonstrate that since additional revenues are needed for local governments and an…

In this report, the author discusses constitutional doctrines to support the contention that government aid to sectarian schools is a violation of the fundamental principle of separation of church and state. Recent Supreme Court cases are cited to prove the unconstitutionality of using tax funds to finance sectarian schools. The report also…

This paper discusses the implications for State educational finance of the recent Serrano vs Priest decision and tries to clarify the exact meaning of the Serrano case. It notes that the use of property taxes for financing schools is not barred by the decision. Rather, the case expresses the principle of neutrality -- the level of spending for a…

The article discusses aspects of negotiating agreements for exploration, development, and mining of hard minerals on Indian Reservations. The agreements discussed are typical of copper agreements, but the general points under discussion are applicable to most hard minerals except for uranium, coal, and oil which are substantially different.…

Describes the development of Proposition One, which threatened to drastically cut education and social services in Florida by reducing the State and local governments' purchasing power to below 1980 levels. Assesses the potential for resurgence of the legislation, following its removal from the ballot by the State Supreme Court. (GC)

This paper analyzes obstacles to educational equity by focusing on state policies and local actions in Massachusetts from 1978 to 1983. Three obstacles are examined in particular: conflicting state-level priorities, the tax revolt movement, and local autonomy. (TE)

Vermont's Act 60 is arguably the most equitable school funding system in the nation. However, it is also one of the most controversial. The disputes are primarily focused on the recapture provision that sends excess revenues from property-rich towns to the state's education trust fund. After a 4-year implementation period, the system is now in its…