New data on the economic history of Tokugawa, Japan necessitate revisions in traditional and Marxist interpretations, many of which are no longer consistent with the available evidence. One major outcome of recent studies is the awareness of the continuities between Tokugawa and Meiji economic growth. (RM)

Refutes claims of Arnot and Whitty (v3, n1, 1982) that recent Marxist analyses of schooling are theoretically open and use empirical evidence to test social theory. Hargreaves argues that because contemporary Marxist sociology of education is based on a commitment to social change, it is theoretically closed and lacks empirical rigor. (AM)

Political and economic events in Africa have diverted the efforts of researchers from analysis along ethnic lines. Contends that the ethnic perspective is particularly valuable in understanding African affairs and that it should be revived. (DM)

This article discusses the value of applying Marxist analysis to classroom practice, the philosophy of education, and progressive education. It criticizes Arnstine's position, which sees Marxist analysis as endangering devotion to personal autonomy. (IAH)

Using a Marxist framework modified by recent feminist theory, analyzes the work of three seventeenth- and eighteenth-century women writers. Illustrates how women's historical participation in production for consumption rather than exchange gave rise to the polyvocal critical perspective essential to the novel's identity. (CJS)

Discusses Vygotsky's ideas in art psychology on the role of emotion in art, the nature of the aesthetic experience, the semiotic nature of psychological processes, and the foundation of a Marxist psychology and a Marxist aesthetics. Central to all of his ideas was his critique of Russian formalism. (MMU)

Argues that contested meanings, multiple judgments, and conflicts are part of cultures and the individual's thoughts and actions. Contends that people make moral judgments that may affirm or contradict cultural norms and practices, and sometimes invoke concepts of welfare, justice, and rights. Notes that some key aspects of Baumrind's neo-Marxist…

This essay begins with Karl Marx's notion of alienation, and then explores a form of alienation specific to education. It examines Mikhail Bakhtin's treatment of alienation in connection with his participative thinking theory and suggests strategies for overcoming educational alienation that are based on Bakhtin's notion of the eventness of Being.…

This paper contrasts two types of "autodidact" located in the UK in different historical periods, which utilised different learning/research technologies to different ends. From the 1920s to the 1960s some working-class activists committed to the Communist Party of Great Britain became "educated" in Marxism (and more) through…

What is deemed to be socially relevant knowledge as it comes from social educational theorists and inquirers is not a singular conception. The prevailing notion that only pluralistic and relativist, or positivist epistemological concepts of truth adequately capture social education inquiry and products, and that claims to human action based on…

Provides a review of Soviet dissident, Alexander Solzhenitsyn's critique of Marx's ideas concerning property, family, women, and marriage. Demonstrates, through historical anecdotes, how the practices of Marx's communist doctrine undermines the human spirit and punishes people for their natural love of all that is their own. (JDH)

A survey of Kenyan school leavers (200 responses) and 34 interviews show that the exchange value of school-leaving exams is predominant and the use value of vocational programs has little impact. Apparently, 80% of school effort has actual exchange value for only 20% of school leavers, whereas 20% of effort directed at self-employment has…

Critiques various forms of modernism, traditional Marxism, and liberalism from a postmodern perspective. Identifies the politics of the intellectual projects undertaken by Frederic Jameson and Patricia Bizzell as modernist and reactionary. Argues that their academic appeal lies in their conservatism. (HB)

Presents a neo-Marxist perspective on morality, showing how it pertains to the use and misuse of the culture construct. Explains the standpoint concept, and identifies issues central to morality. Maintains that moral beliefs are grounded in cultural contexts, arguing that the dominant morality in a culture justifies ruling class interests, and…

National Socialism, the German type of fascism, is analysed in this article with respect to the question of its ideological foundations, the ideology of the "Volk" community, and its consequences for a relevant type of social practice, "Volk" welfare. Under National Socialism the form of state social work intervention was…