Results indicate positive development in attitudes and greater openness to the complications of alcoholism. (Author)

The practicum is designed to provide supervised experience in the development of well trained counselors. A study at the University of Illinois using 10 post-master's degree students enrolled in a one semester supervised practicum investigated the relationship between the practicum and: (1) the development of counselor skills of empathy, warmth…

Pluralistic ignorance is a misconception by members of a group. Pupil control ideology is the attitudes of school personnel concerning their relations with pupils and the problems of pupil conduct conceptualized on a custodial-humanistic continuum. The subjects for this study were 87 teachers and 119 counselors; the instrument used contained four…

This research study explored possible associations between the theoretical orientations of clinicians and their traditional or contemporary attitudes toward women's roles. Of all the variables investigated, however, only the clinicians' sex had an effect on their attitudes. (Author)

Examines the importance of the white therapist understanding his or her own feelings, countertransference, and the impact of the therapist's need to be powerful. Also explores the need of therapists for awareness of client-therapist interpersonal similarity and the need for an understanding of our social system. (Author/GC)

Rated counselor responses to 21 widely varying client statements on eight dimensions, and compared responses by experience level. Found differences on the dimensions of dominance, immediacy, meeting client's demands, verbosity, and confrontation, and differences in flexibility regarding dominance, meeting client's demands and confrontation, across…

Using review, peer supervision, and introspection, the authors researched their reactions to elderly patients while leading a newcomers' group in retirement home. The reactions, or countertransference, to the elderly in this situation encompassed sexual feelings, as well as lack of these feelings, being "boys" to very elderly women, and…

Explores the widespread avoidance of the identification and treatment of alcoholism by the social work profession. Examines the underlying causes of this avoidance and suggests guidelines to overcome the organizational and the professional barriers that have kept alcoholics from seeking social work treatment. (Author/JAC)

Describes tactics to improve the effectiveness of referrals to helping services outside the school. Presents guidelines on when, who, and how to refer, and suggests that counselors examine their own attitudes toward referral. (JAC)

Assumes that the explanations for the causes of unemployment held by unemployed clients and their counselors influence clients' reactions to unemployment and the counseling provided to them. Identifies contextual factors that influence attributions about unemployment and addresses specific attributional issues. Discusses counselors' own…

Concludes from the data that: (1) the majority of superintendents and counselors support foreign language educaton; (2) attitudes toward foreign language study do not vary with school district size; (3) the majority believe that students should be encouraged but not required to study foreign language; and (4) the major justification for foreign…

Analyzed predicted decline of projective techniques in usefulness and emphasis from several perspectives. An extensive review of empirical, survey, and position studies supports the utility of projective techniques, with the exception of the clinical academic setting. The loss in status is attributed to changing roles of clinical psychologists.…

Used the Session Evaluation Questionnaire (SEQ) to measure the perspectives of 17 novice counselors and their 72 clients on 942 individual counseling sessions. Results suggested novice counselors' judgments of session depth and value may bear little relation to their clients' evaluations, but counselors' comfort and mood were moderately…

Surveyed 56 psychiatrists, 173 psychologists, and 282 social workers to examine similarities and differences in their personal and moral values. Results suggested the three groups shared a common core of personal values. Regarding moral values, psychiatrists and psychologists emphasized duty while social workers emphasized personal freedom. (JAC)

Examined the status of continuing professional education of counseling psychologists (N=420) in terms of practices, attitudes, and background variables. Respondents appeared to be actively involved in continuing professional education, regardless of work role. Independent study accounted for the greatest amount of time spent in educational…