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Trnavsky, Polly – Child Study Journal, 1998
Videotaped infants with extensive day-care experience, and their mothers during "Strange" situation procedures. Compared behavior with profiles published in Ainsworth et al. (1978) for differences. Found three distinct groups of infants: securely-attached (largest group), insecurely attached (smallest group), and infants not disturbed by…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Cultural Differences, Day Care, Day Care Effects

Marcovitch, Stuart; Zelazo, Philip David – Child Development, 1999
Meta-analysis of the A-not-B error was conducted, using logistic regression, on studies conducted before September 1997. Results replicated earlier findings, with exception that the number of trials at the A location was a significant predictor, and the number of locations was a significant predictor of the proportion of infants who searched…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Error Patterns, Infant Behavior

Pauen, Sabina – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2000
Two experiments investigated whether preverbal infants distinguish between humans and mammals. Study 1 found that 7-, 9-, and 11-month-olds distinguished humans from mammals in an object-examination task. Study 2 found that 7-month-olds but not 5-month-olds showed evidence for category discrimination with the 2-dimensional color photos of toy…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Classification, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis

Courage, Mary L.; Howe, Mark L. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2001
Examined effect of familiarization on 3.5-month-olds' retention of visual stimuli with varying delay times. Found support for retention models in which direction of attentional preferences (novel, familiar, or null) depends on memory accessibility. Short lookers showed better retention over time than long lookers, indicating that much of the…
Descriptors: Attention, Familiarity, Individual Differences, Infant Behavior

Blass, Elliott M.; Camp, Carole A. – Developmental Psychology, 2001
Calm or crying 9- and 12-week-olds sat facing a researcher who gazed into their eyes or at their forehead and delivered either a sucrose solution or pacifier or delivered nothing. Found that combining sweet taste and eye contact was necessary and sufficient for calm 9- and 12-week-olds to form a preference for the researcher, but not for crying…
Descriptors: Adult Child Relationship, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis, Eye Contact
Davis, Elysia Poggi; Snidman, Nancy; Wadhwa, Pathik D.; Glynn, Laura M.; Schetter, Chris Dunkel; Sandman, Curt A. – Infancy, 2004
The effects of maternal antenatal and postnatal anxiety and depression on infant negative behavioral reactivity were examined in a sample of 22 mother-infant pairs. Maternal anxiety and depression were assessed by standardized measures during the third trimester of pregnancy and postpartum. Infant negative behavioral responses to novelty were…
Descriptors: Mothers, Pregnancy, Infants, Infant Behavior
Crockenberg, Susan C.; Leerkes, Esther M. – Developmental Psychology, 2004
Three issues were investigated: (a) the regulatory effects of presumed infant and maternal regulation behaviors on infant distress to novelty at 6 months, (b) stability of infant regulatory effects across contexts that vary in maternal involvement, and (c) associations and temporal dynamics between infant and maternal regulation behaviors.…
Descriptors: Toys, Infants, Mothers, Infant Behavior
Aguiar, Andrea; Baillargeon, Renee – Cognitive Psychology, 2002
Eight experiments were conducted to examine 3- and 3.5-month-old infants' responses to occlusion events. The results revealed two developments, one in infants' knowledge of when objects should and should not be occluded and the other in infants' ability to posit additional objects to make sense of events that would otherwise violate their…
Descriptors: Infants, Logical Thinking, Thinking Skills, Infant Behavior
Myowa-Yamakoshi, Masako; Tomonaga, Masaki; Tanaka, Masayuki; Matsuzawa, Tetsuro – Developmental Science, 2004
This paper provides evidence for imitative abilities in neonatal chimpanzees ("Pan troglodytes"), our closest relatives. Two chimpanzees were reared from birth by their biological mothers. At less than 7 days of age the chimpanzees could discriminate between, and imitate, human facial gestures (tongue protrusion and mouth opening). By the time…
Descriptors: Imitation, Infant Behavior, Animals, Neonates
Soussignan, Robert; Nadel, Jacqueline; Canet, Pierre; Gerardin, Priscille – Infancy, 2006
This study was aimed at sorting out conflicting results in the literature concerning 2-month-olds' sensitivity to interpersonal contingency, and investigated the potential role of infants' positive emotion in contingency detection. Infants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG) that was presented an uninterrupted live-replay-live…
Descriptors: Infants, Emotional Response, Nonverbal Communication, Mothers
Smith, Maureen C. – 1993
Mastery motivation, usually measured by task persistence, is often used to predict infant competence. This study attempted to clarify how a measure of persistence can be used to facilitate the prediction of competence when examining the relationship between persistence and maternal child-rearing behavior. The measure of persistence used in this…
Descriptors: Behavior Development, Child Rearing, Exploratory Behavior, Family Environment
Spencer, Patricia E.; Kelly, Arlene B. – 1993
Three groups of 12-month-old infants (10 deaf infants with hearing parents, 10 deaf infants with deaf parents, and 10 hearing infants with hearing parents) were videotaped during free play with mothers. Infant attention state was coded, identifying periods as: (1) unengaged, (2) onlooking, (3) object-attend, (4) person-attend, (5) supported joint…
Descriptors: Attention, Attention Control, Child Development, Deafness
Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ. Test Collection. – 1990
This bibliography is made up of 121 questionnaires, checklists, and scales used for determination or evaluation, of the level of development of infants and young children (ages 0-6). Some of the instruments identify individuals who may have developmental problems. This document is one in a series of topical bibliographies from the Test Collection…
Descriptors: Annotated Bibliographies, Child Development, Cognitive Tests, Developmental Disabilities
Hiester, Marian; Sapp, Joan – 1991
This study examined the relationship between maternal stress, changes in stress, specific stressors, and social support and quality of mother-infant attachment. Life stress of 132 mothers was assessed prenatally and when the child was 13 months old. The mothers' social support and the quality of infant-mother attachment were also measured at the…
Descriptors: Anxiety, Attachment Behavior, Family Influence, Infant Behavior
Allhusen, Virginia D.; Cochran, Moncrieff M. – 1991
The conditions of day care quality under which infants direct secure attachment behaviors toward their day care providers were examined. Two groups of 12- to 18-month-old infants, who were experiencing either 1:4 or 1:7 caregiver-to-infant ratios, and their day care providers, were observed while they interacted in their day care centers.…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Behavior Development, Child Caregivers, Childhood Needs