The purpose of this paper is to present a framework and definitions that may be useful in considering the role of advocacy in counseling. Using this framework as a foundation, it reviews advocacy in counseling and discusses examples in a range of advocacy actions. In addition, it proposes some of the possible reasons that advocacy has historically…

The ability of counselors to use empowerment strategies depends on such interacting areas as level of self-awareness, knowledge, and skills; respect for the worldview of Latino clients; ability to view people from a strength rather than a deficit perspective; and willingness to suspend judgment and premature interpretation about the clients'…

Approximately 34 million people, or 13 percent of the population of the United States, are 65 or older. It is not just the increasing numbers that make it important for counselors to serve as advocates for older adults. Ageism, societal marginalization, vulnerability, and elder abuse are growing problems for this population. There is evidence that…

The author explores the dilemma resulting from a situation where the counselor's loyalties to the client and the institution that employs him are in conflict. (RP)

An invited comment on the array of ideas presented in the special feature on psychological education (School Counselor, May, 1973) as a new direction counseling is taking. (JC)

The new role falls to the counselor as a result of increasing awareness of human resources as a nation's most valuable asset. (AG)

The author admits that as counselors feel comfortable when their female clients choose to live their lives through others, their own values are reflected. (Author)

Tests and measurement have fallen short of the contributions to counseling expected of them. The writer takes the position that inadequacies of both the tests and counselors are responsible and that major changes are needed if tests are to continue to have a place in the counseling process. (Author)

The author contends that the counselor should move into the school and the community to teach others the various skills of counseling and interpersonal communication. He believes that conducting systematic training programs in such skills as microcounseling should become an important role for counselors. (Author)

The diversity of people within the hard core unemployed'' is shown in a classification of hard core unemployed as: (1) socially deprived, (2) non-socially deprived with behavior difficulties, (3) socially deprived potential unemployed, and (4) potentially hard core unemployed with behavioral difficulties. (MU)

Discusses the legal implications when a school counselor does or does not reveal confidential records or information to a court of law. (GB)

Ethical practice in counseling should mean more than remedying past mistakes. Counselors must give certain philosophical and procedural questions constant attention to check on the validity for the present of long held ideas. In this way emerging issues can be identified before impossible situations are created. (Author)

The author examines questions of accountability for guidance showing samples of program structure and program analysis based on a model. He concludes that the accountability movement can be a positive force if implemented properly. (Author)