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Willatts, Peter – Developmental Psychology, 1999
Three longitudinal studies examined means-ends behavior of 6- to 8-month olds. Found that intentional means-end behavior increased between 6 and 7 months, with 7-month olds' performance influenced by the presence of a toy on the cloth. Performance was the same when cloth was attached to or separate from the toy. By 8 months, infants adjusted…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation, Developmental Tasks

Hewlett, Barry S.; Lamb, Michael E.; Shannon, Donald; Leyendecker, Birgit; Scholmerich, Axel – Developmental Psychology, 1998
Compared everyday infant experiences among central Africa's Aka hunter-gatherers and Ngandu farmers. Found that Aka were more likely to be held, fed, and asleep or drowsy. Ngandu were more likely to be alone and to fuss or cry, smile, vocalize, or play. Crying, soothing, feeding, and sleeping declined over time for both; distal social interaction…
Descriptors: Child Rearing, Cultural Differences, Farmers, Foreign Countries

Bazhenova, Olga V.; Plonskaia, Oxana; Porges, Stephen W. – Child Development, 2001
Evaluated respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and heart period in 5-month-olds during interaction challenges. Found that during object-mediated challenge, RSA increases were uniquely related to positive engagement. During person-mediated challenge, subjects showed more complex integration of autonomic and behavioral responses such that only infants…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Affective Behavior, Attention, Comparative Analysis

Brannon, Elizabeth M. – Cognition, 2002
Two experiments examined development of the ordinality concept in infants. Found that 11-month-olds successfully discriminated, whereas 9-month-olds failed to discriminate sequences that descended in numerical value from sequences increasing in numerical value. Nine-month-olds could discriminate the ordinal direction of sequences that varied in…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cross Sectional Studies, Developmental Stages

Bahrick, Lorraine E. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2001
Assessed development of infants' sensitivity to two nested amodal temporal relations in audible and visible events. Found that sensitivity to synchrony was present by 4 weeks, remaining stable across age. Sensitivity to composition emerged by 7 weeks, increasing dramatically with age. Noted pattern of increasing specificity in perception…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Auditory Perception, Cross Sectional Studies, Habituation

Rose, Susan A.; Feldman, Judith F.; Jankowski, Jeffery J. – Developmental Psychology, 2001
A longitudinal study examined memory span at 5, 7, and 12 months in full-term and low-birth-weight preterm infants. Findings were similar for both groups: longer spans were more difficult, especially at younger ages, memory capacity increased over first year of life, there was marked recency effect for spans of 3 and 4 at all ages, and modest…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Comparative Analysis, Individual Development, Individual Differences
Younger, Barbara A.; Hollich, George; Furrer, Stephanie D. – Infancy, 2004
From Aesop to Sun Tzu, the importance of working together has long been acknowledged. Yet as long as cooperation has existed, so have the difficulties associated with it. Pooling two fields might mean twice the power, but this union also brings twice the jargon, twice the competing theories, and twice the head butting. Nonetheless, in this…
Descriptors: Infants, Correlation, Classification, Age Differences
Atkinson, Leslie; Goldberg, Susan; Raval, Vaishali; Pederson, David; Benoit, Diane; Moran, Greg; Poulton, Lori; Myhal, Natalie; Zwiers, Michael; Leung, Eman – Developmental Psychology, 2005
Attachment theorists assume that maternal mental representations influence responsivity, which influences infant attachment security. However, primary studies do not support this mediation model. The authors tested mediation using 2 mother-infant samples and found no evidence of mediation. Therefore, the authors explored sensitivity as a…
Descriptors: Infants, Attachment Behavior, Mothers, Parent Child Relationship
Iverson, Jana M.; Fagan, Mary K. – Child Development, 2004
This study was designed to provide a general picture of infant vocal-motor coordination and test predictions generated by Iverson and Thelen's (1999) model of the development of the gesture-speech system. Forty-seven 6- to 9-month-old infants were videotaped with a primary caregiver during rattle and toy play. Results indicated an age-related…
Descriptors: Infants, Play, Child Language, Infant Behavior
Reddy, Vasudevi; Trevarthen, Colwyn – Zero to Three (J), 2004
Reddy and Trevarthen explore what we can learn from emotionally engaging with babies. Theirs is a different approach from 20th-century psychology, in which doubt and detachment play a role in discerning other people's feelings and thoughts. Instead, the authors suggest that emotions are the key to psychological engagement. When interacting with an…
Descriptors: Infants, Infant Behavior, Emotional Response, Emotional Development
Chen, Xin; Striano, Tricia; Rakoczy, Hannes – Developmental Science, 2004
Twenty-five newborn infants were tested for auditory-oral matching behavior when presented with the consonant sound /m/ and the vowel sound /a/--a precursor behavior to vocal imitation. Auditory-oral matching behavior by the infant was operationally defined as showing the mouth movement appropriate for producing the model sound just heard (mouth…
Descriptors: Vowels, Imitation, Neonates, Young Children
Landry, Susan H.; Smith, Karen E.; Swank, Paul R. – Developmental Psychology, 2006
Mothers whose infants varied in early biological characteristics (born at term, n = 120; born at very low birth weight [VLBW], n = 144) were randomized to a target group (n = 133) or developmental feedback comparison group (n = 131) to determine whether learning responsive behaviors would facilitate infant development. The target condition…
Descriptors: Mothers, Responses, Parent Child Relationship, Child Development
Clubb, Richard D.; And Others – 1991
This study examines the relationship between parent-child attachment and parental attachment styles. It is hypothesized that: (1) parental attachment styles are transmitted to the infant through parent-child and parent-parent interaction; and (2) parental attachment styles are reflected in parent-child attachment. Some research supports the idea…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Dependency (Personality), Emotional Response, Father Attitudes
Feinman, Saul – 1983
Whether maternal touching of the infant while speaking to him or her about a stranger facilitates or interferes with social referencing is investigated in this study. Thirty-three 10-month-olds received positive or neutral nonverbal messages when their mothers spoke to them about a stranger. Infants whose mothers did not touch them while speaking…
Descriptors: Emotional Response, Individual Differences, Infant Behavior, Mothers
Rauh, Hellgard; And Others – 1983
Studies on peer interaction in infancy seem to imply that social group structure emerges from infants' and toddlers' dyadic interactions. In contrast to this position, the present study hypothesizes that attention structure may be a major precursor for social group structure. To investigate that possibility, an attempt was made to develop a…
Descriptors: Attention, Group Structure, Infant Behavior, Infants