Inspired by John Naisbitt's "Megatrends," the article identifies the past, present, and future directions of outdoor education. The article notes the implications of these directions for outdoor education programing and forecasts changes in outdoor education. (SB)

Experience-based training and development (EBTD), also known as Outdoor Management Development (OMD) in Great Britain and corporate adventure training (CAT) in Canada and Australia, is a field that uses adventure activities to bring beneficial change to organizations, primarily corporations. Activities used in EBTD and CAT programs include…

The challenge of the Australian lifestyle has historically led bushmen on journeys of arduous adventure which actively developed unfettered spirits and extraordinary endurance. These qualities have contributed to the development of the Australian psyche. As a way of passing on the qualities and values of Australian bushmen of years ago, an…

In adventure education, risk is important to achieving program objectives. An increased concern with legal liability and the concentration of media attention on negative outcomes have contributed to an increased social aversion to risk. Adventure education must establish that risk leads to personal growth and can be managed constructively in the…

Describes a teacher development model that enables teachers to learn, internalize, test, and practice experiential teaching methods, and to create support systems that can sustain educational innovation in schools. Phases of a teacher training workshop include immersion, skill building, skill demonstration, and skill application. Includes 10…

Participant observation and in-depth interviews explored how 10 New Zealand male secondary students, aged 17-19, made meaning from their outdoor educational experiences. Qualitative methodology was indispensable in revealing how learning through adventure not only improved self-concept (a conventional assessment), but also contributed to…

This practicum addressed the attitudes and behaviors of 10 adolescents with severe behavioral and emotional problems participating in a cooperative job training program. The intervention used an adventure approach to help the students replace aggression and misconduct with job-related social skills. A needs assessment was conducted to identify…

This publication presents 98 papers reflecting the goals of the Association for Experiential Education, with roots in adventure education, which promotes the development, practice, and evaluation of experiential learning in all settings. Topics of the papers include: educational practices on all levels, recreation, outdoor adventure programming,…

This issue of "Perceptions" contains an introductory article by guest editor Herbert Foster--"A Variety of Programs"--and seven articles describing programs for educating emotionally disturbed children in New York. "A Very Special Place" (Susan Kosberg and Bernie Kosberg) describes a therapeutic camping milieu located…

Our elementary secondary schools have hidden curricula which teach passivity, resistance to change, inflexibility, and submissive behavior in a world which is moving toward faster changes and heightened personal individuality. Class control with the teacher feeding information to the students like data to a computer can no longer be accepted as…

Joshua Miner recounts his 30 years' experience with people and places significant to the history of Adventure-Based Education and Outward Bound in the United States. Fourteen Outward Bound schools visited or assisted by Miner are described in chapters recording events such as the school's inception, daily activities, individuals enrolled, and…

Urban Bound was begun in 1967 as an experimental two-phase program to help delinquent boys develop self-confidence and channel their energies appropriately. Phase one, a 21-day mountain program, was designed to build youth-group and youth-instructor relationships, develop self-confidence, provide an acceptable male image, promote communication,…

Feeling the need for a concise summary of research conducted on Outward Bound Activities, the North Carolina Outward Bound School commissioned this annotated bibliography. Approximately 110 listings are included, each accompanied by a brief abstract identifying the principal features and findings of the work listed. The bibliography is divided…

Goals and objectives, student activities, and a detailed course evaluation are provided in this guide for an English unit in which a rock climb serves as the basis for learning about different forms of literature and improving written and oral communication skills. The unit, designed to give below-average students an opportunity for success in…

The major resource for instructors in training for the Earlham College Wilderness Program, this manual covers the philosophy, academics, teaching methodology, and logistics of the program. It is designed as a field manual for the month-long programs (either mountaineering or canoeing) offered to Earlham students and contains information most…