Expands and develops the theory of "ser" and "estar" with predicate adjectives which was first presented in "Hispania" in May 1983. This theory holds that the selection of "ser" or "estar" in constructions with predicate adjectives expresses different types of implied comparisons. (SED)

Describes three experiments that explored the informational roles of emphasis and word order in active sentences. The results, when considered together, strongly implicate recentness, but not emphasis, as an important means of linking temporally contiguous sentences. (HTH)

Discusses the English grammar rule of backshifting in reported speech, that after a past tense reporting verb the reported verb is backshifted. However, backshifting need not always take place. Examination of numerous examples indicates that the past is the unmarked form; the unbackshifted present is marked, as is the past perfect. (SED)

Following an experiment which revealed that production of grammatically correct sentences and correction of grammatically problematic sentences in French are essentially different skills, a progressive training method for finding and correcting grammatical errors was developed. (MSE)

Describes calls to a grammar hot line about usage, grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Concludes that many people besides educators and professional writers care about exact and accurate language usage. (EL)

Explains that a good essay question should be as specific in what it asks for as the students are expected to be in their answers. (HOD)

Examined whether instruction on a single structure (the relative clause, the appositive, and the infinitive nominal) would alter frequency of use or global syntactic complexity and whether this instruction lasted beyond the immediate posttest. (HOD)

Three tests with increasingly more difficult sentence structures, developed for use with children at fourth-grade level or below in reading vocabulary and in mathematical computations, were administered to 30 eighth-grade Ss. Results revealed a significant difference between the test with greater syntactical complexity and the two other tests.…

Presents theoretical syntactic formulas for translating sentences from one language to another. (KM)

This article proposes a description of Spanish conjunctions based on functional and structural criteria, and attempts to present a taxonomy of the different functions of conjunctions. (Text is in Spanish.) (CLK)

This grammar handbook emphasizes formal written usage, offering clues to help with comprehension. The seven sections discuss: (1) "Nouns" (e.g., most nouns can follow "the," and possessives can show more than possession); (2) "Pronouns" (e.g., pronouns come in small groups, and some pronouns defy logic); (3) "Verbs" (e.g., some plural subjects…

Revised version of a paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on Salish Languages, Bellingham, Washington, August 1972; research supported by the Research Council of the University of Massachusetts, the Society of Sigma Xi, and the American Council of Learned Societies. (DD)

Part of a dissertation, Stanford University; research supported in part by a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health. (DD)