Recent research has suggested that the Piraha, an Amazonian tribe with a number-less language, are able to match quantities greater than 3 if the matching task does not require recall or spatial transposition. This finding contravenes previous work among the Piraha. In this study, we re-tested the Pirahas' performance in the crucial one-to-one matching task utilized in the two previous studies on their numerical cognition, as well as in control tasks requiring recall and mental transposition. We also conducted a novel quantity recognition task. Speakers were unable to consistently match quantities greater than 3, even when no recall or transposition was involved. We provide a plausible motivation for the disparate results previously obtained among the Piraha. Our findings are consistent with the suggestion that the exact recognition of quantities greater than 3 requires number terminology. (Contains 3 notes and 5 figures.)