Many countries associated with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development are seeking to raise standards and strengthen education systems by promoting school choice, illustrated by charter schools in the United States and the Free Schools in England. Australia's education system provides a relevant and useful case study of the benefits of school choice as over 34% of students attend nongovernment schools and such schools, compared to government controlled schools, achieve stronger outcomes. The article outlines how nongovernment schools are funded. (Contains 1 table.)