As states struggle to boost economic growth and create new jobs, colleges must change to help meet the demand for talented workers. Boards of public institutions need new metrics to determine how well they are meeting statewide workforce goals. States must focus more on measuring higher education's effectiveness and efficiency, especially when it comes to producing career-ready graduates. To that end, the NGA Center has identified four basic questions and related metrics that will help governors, on the state level, and board members, on the institutional or state level, assess the performance of their campuses and systems, as well as establish and evaluate investment priorities. These include: (1) How well are institutions meeting the state's need for an educated workforce and supporting progress toward longer-term economic goals?; (2) Of the students enrolled, how many students are graduating?; (3) What is the return on investment for states and institutions in terms of the number of completed certificates and degrees?; and (4) How can colleges demonstrate that degree-attainment and efficiency gains are being achieved without sacrificing student learning? (Contains 1 resource.)