Ability to retrieve information is so important that Chastain (1976) and Brown (2000) do not consider learners to have learned something if they cannot remember it. This ability can also have practical significance too, since it can lead to successes at the exam time. Due to both theoretical and practical reasons, any method that can help the ability to retrieve is worth the attention and, if possible, applying in language classes. Meaningful vs. rote learning, mnemonic strategy or method of loci are just a few of the ways proposed to improve memory. The aim of this study is to do an experiment on the effect of Sokolov's match/mismatch theory on Iranian learners' retrieval. Based on this theory, violation of expectation can arouse attention which in turn can lead to longer retrieval of the material. The experiment was carried out on 35 students of English in Kish language school. Analysis of data showed that, if used successfully, it can lead to longer retrieval.