The underrepresentation of women and minority faculty in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines continues to be a major concern to university leaders, policy makers, and scientists. While a number of complex factors across the entire academic pipeline play significant roles in this problem, important contributing causes of the underrepresentation of women and minorities on the STEM faculty are how recruitment is conducted and how hiring decisions are made. In this article, the authors elucidate how universities can systematically transform their conventional recruitment practices to develop a more diverse faculty and a more inclusive faculty climate. First, the authors describe how conventional recruitment practices contribute to the homogenous replication of the faculty body. Next, they share the results of studies of the nature and consequences of diversity in applicant pools in recent science and engineering searches conducted at their universities. Finally, they provide guidelines and best practices for effective faculty hiring processes. (Contains 12 resources.)