The purpose of this study is to reveal the primary student teachers' basic knowledge and misconceptions about atoms and molecules by use of a drawing method. Data collected from drawings of 92 primary student teachers at the second term of 2007-2008 educational period in Faculty of Education in Adiyaman University. The analysis of their drawings and answers showed that the majority of the student teachers have several misconceptions as well as inadequate knowledge in terms of atoms and molecules. In the light of the literature the importance of the findings was critically analyzed and some suggestions were proposed to remedy the problems. (Contains 2 tables.)