The goal of this study was to identify the roles and responsibilities of teaching assistants in the primary independent schools in the State of Qatar and to determine whether these roles and responsibilities differed for subgroups in our sample. Results from the study were used to inform and improve certificate programs for teaching assistants. The study employed a survey/analytical method of design. A survey and informal interviews were used to collect data from 218 teachers, administrators, and other education professionals, providing data for qualitative and quantitative analyses. The study produced important results and implications that can be used to inform training programs for teaching assistants and for comparative purposes across cultures. (Contains 4 tables.)