This article presents the findings of an exploratory survey of the ethnic attitudes and identities of a random sample (n=352) of three-six-year-old children in Northern Ireland. The survey represents one of the first of its kind to explore how young children's awareness of ethnic differences develops in contexts where ethnicity is not marked by visible, physical differences. In drawing upon the notion of an "ethnic habitus", the article shows how young children from the two majority ethno-religious groups in the region--Catholic and Protestants--are already acquiring the cultural dispositions and habits of their respective groups even though, at the earlier ages, they have little awareness or understanding of what these dispositions represent. The article shows that young children are capable of developing ethnic identities and prejudices in the absence of physical cues and discusses the implications of these findings for practice as well as for understanding the effects of racial and ethnic divisions on young children in other social contexts. (Contains 3 tables and 1 figure.)