Introduction: There is scarcity of Indian data on substance dependence in children and adolescents. Methods: Case records of 85 adolescents with the final diagnosis of substance dependence were analyzed (out of 115 registrations during 1978-2003). Results: Time trends showed an increase in individuals with good social support and higher family income, a decrease in individuals with psychiatric comorbidity. Intravenous drug use was prominent during 1988-1997. Conclusions: Clinic attendance may reflect secular trends in the community. (Contains 1 table.)