The policy of "two exemptions and one subsidy" (TEOS), which is a "popular sentiment" project, has brought life to the western region's rural education and light to impoverished families. In addition to launching the battle for the "two basics" in the western region, the overall popularization of distance education for rural schools in the western region and the ratification of the newly revised Compulsory Education Law on June 29, 2006, TEOS has raised the success and profile of China's compulsory education system. As a rural education worker in China's western region, the author has witnessed and experienced a series of educational reforms. In this article, the author shares his thoughts on TEOS in China's western region and describes some problems that deserve reflection and some challenges to be faced in the implementation of the project. He also offers some suggestions to effectively carry out and deepen the impact of TEOS.