Proximal environmental variables illustrate aspects of the environment that are experienced directly and specifically by the child. The current study examined the associations between three proximal environmental variables: (1) quality of the home environment, (2) regularity of family routines and (3) frequency of parenting daily hassles and cognitive, language and behavioral outcomes in 36-month-old children who were prenatally exposed to cocaine and participating in an early intervention program. The quality of the home environment predicted expressive language and internalizing behavior problems, while daily hassles and family routines only predicted internalizing behavior problems. The results suggest that interventions aimed at changing proximal environmental variables may have positive implications for children who are at-risk for developmental delay. (Contains 5 tables.)