This study examined the priority health behaviors among Chinese youth by administering a questionnaire to 1,917 undergraduates enrolled in three universities in China. The response rate was 89.7%. This survey found that 75.2% of the participants tried cigarettes at least once during their lifetime, over half had their first cigarette and alcoholic drink before age 15, and over 80% had their first cigarette and alcoholic drink by age 18. During the month preceding the survey, 50.6% consumed five or more alcoholic drinks on a single occasion and 8.1% carried a weapon at least once. Twenty-two percent had at least three servings of fruits and vegetables the day before the survey, 35.3% engaged in vigorous physical activity on three or more of the seven days preceding the survey, 66.9% rarely or never wore motorcycle helmets, 13.4% seriously considered attempting suicide, and 3.9% had an STI. Results were analyzed by sex, age, and hometown. Results show that many Chinese college students have engaged in behaviors that put their health in danger. Effective health education programs are needed to reduce health risks leading to deaths and disabilities among Chinese youth. (Contains 10 tables.) [Abstract provided in English, Spanish, and Chinese.]