Fundamentalist and evangelical Christianity is growing in popularity in Australia, concurrent with the ascendancy of the new Christian school. This article examines the historical and policy landscapes that have given rise to this educational phenomenon and draws some links with other education systems, particularly the United States. It is argued that, in Australia, a propitious setting for the rise of new Christian schools has been created through the interplay of evangelical and fundamentalist Christianity, Australia's Constitution, and an enabling neoliberal policy environment. (Contains 1 table and 8 notes.)