The primary purpose of this study is to determine a preliminary national percentage of students who are "504-only." The survey data reveal that 504-only students represent 1.2% of the public school population. There is a significant difference in the 504-only percentage with regard to school level, with middle and high schools having a greater percentage of these students. The results of this study suggest that the prevailing practices for determining Section 504 eligibility do not square with recent judicial findings. (Contains 6 tables.)