During their history, Jews have faced the challenge of retaining their identity while adapting to their living conditions. Many people of many cultures now must win this bet. In this essay, the author shares his thoughts on the challenges cultural diversity places on the society and on the systems. The author calls for a political order. For him, it would allow for affirmative action on behalf of strangers as the basis for their accommodation. The more they could be made to feel at home in society, the less likely they would want to willfully separate themselves from it. As long as they make integration implicitly or explicitly difficult, at times quite impossible, the more likely will those who see themselves as disadvantaged wish to shake people up, at times violently, by challenging the existing order. The author believes that educational endeavours must go hand in hand with political steps calculated to reward accommodation and flexibility, without threatening the fundamental religious commitments of individuals and groups. (Contains 3 notes.)