Role Development is a theory-based, individualized intervention developed for health care practitioners, including art therapists, to assist individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia to learn roles and their underlying task and interpersonal skills. The role of artist is particularly suited to this intervention. This paper describes the role development model and methods for implementation, two evidenced-based research studies examining the effectiveness of Role Development, and the application of role development to art therapy. A case study specifically describing the process of role development in art therapy treatment is provided. (Contains 2 figures.)