The Commonwealth Teacher Recruitment Protocol (CTRP), adopted by Commonwealth member states in 2004, "aims to balance the rights of teachers to migrate internationally, on a temporary or permanent basis, against the need to protect the integrity of national education systems, and to prevent the exploitation of the scarce human resources of poorer countries". In doing so it addresses the rights and responsibilities of recruiting countries, source countries, and recruited teachers. The first section reviews the international context of teacher migration, and discusses the global phenomenon of teacher loss. Second, the article revisits the action items of the CTRP with respect to the education system and suggests further points for discussion and research in support of international implementation and compliance. Third, the article revisits a framework that conceives an education system in six foci: (1) guiding philosophy or ideology; (2) ambitions / goals; (3) strategies; (4) enabling structures; (5) processes; and (6) techniques, and discusses teacher migration with respect to each, from perspectives of source and recruiting countries. In conclusion, the article presents ideas for further research and consideration.