Allowing public funds to be used for tuition and other expenses in private schools through a voucher system has been the source of debate in legislative and educational forums for almost half a century, but only recently have school vouchers become a serious school reform strategy. This article provides a brief overview of the voucher plans adopted to date, describes the federal and state legal grounds used to challenge such plans, reviews the recent Florida Supreme Court decision in some detail, and explores implications of recent developments for voucher programs being proposed across states. (Contains 107 notes.)