In France, as in many European countries, youth from foreign ethnic backgrounds appear less integrated than those who are accepted as established French citizens into civil society through the educational system and the labor market. Until now, existing research on employment inequalities in France has, for good reasons, concentrated on the large number of young people lacking higher education. However, the increasing demand in the labor market for high levels of competencies and the prolonging of schooling have led to an apparent increase in the enrollment in higher education of youth from foreign backgrounds. Are the inequalities (or possible discrimination) revealed by existing studies concentrated (and observable) solely in specific areas (i.e., lower levels of education)? Does having a higher education diploma reduce employment differences between ethnic backgrounds and thus improve the integration into French civil society of youth from foreign ethnic backgrounds? This issue is not limited to France and has been researched in other European countries (e.g., Shiner and Modood 2002). In this study the authors address employment inequalities and job discrimination for higher education graduates of different ethnic backgrounds in France. They attempt to integrate the hypothesis of discrimination in their research question and interpretative framework, even if it cannot be directly tested and observed. (Contains 5 tables and 12 notes.)