The research reported in this paper is based on a survey carried out jointly by UNESCO and UNICEF with the collaboration of the Government of Mauritius. This survey involves 1800 fourth-grade pupils who were taken from 60 primary schools. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the home-related factors, which influence Numeracy performance at primary level in Mauritius. It is found that the level of education of parents, availability of reading materials at home, home possession, parental support in education at home and familiarity with English at home are the major factors causing variation in the children's Numeracy achievement.