ERIC Number: EJ1457545
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2025-Jan
Pages: 19
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0022-4294
EISSN: EISSN-1945-0095
Available Date: N/A
How Does Increasing Contextual Interference in a Musical Practice Session Affect Acquisition and Retention?
Thomas Mathias; Andrew Goldman
Journal of Research in Music Education, v72 n4 p357-375 2025
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of three schedules of practice on high-level violinists' learning. The contextual interference (CI) effect occurs when two or more tasks are practiced in an interleaved manner, which has been shown to impair initial learning but improve retention. How a musician alternates between tasks during practice can have a great impact on learning. This study was designed to explore how an increasing schedule of CI within a practice session would compare to the traditional blocked and random schedules. Sport research has shown a dynamically adaptive schedule to be advantageous, yet this area is relatively unexplored in music. Twenty advanced violinists at a music school practiced three sets of musical excerpts under three practice schedule conditions: blocked (pieces practiced one at a time), increasing contextual interference (blocked and then random), and interleaved (pieces randomly alternating). Recordings were taken at the stages of sight-reading, acquisition (immediately after practice sessions), and retention (24 hours later). Expert ratings of each musician's recordings revealed no effect at the acquisition stage. However, at the delayed retention test, the blocked condition proved to be most effective. Fifty percent of participants perceived blocked practice to be the most effective.
Descriptors: Music Education, Musical Instruments, Interference (Learning), Retention (Psychology), Scheduling, Musicians, Learning Processes, Comparative Analysis, Advanced Students, Music Reading, Student Evaluation, Specialists, Tests, Instructional Effectiveness, Teaching Methods, Majors (Students), Undergraduate Students, Graduate Students, State Universities
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education; Postsecondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers - Location: Indiana
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Author Affiliations: N/A