The use of the innovative technologies, in particular virtual and augmented reality technologies, can have a significant impact on the training of future doctors. The sample set of the experiment consisted of 211 students from I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. The students were divided into 4 age groups: full-time students of the Faculty of Medicine (Institute of Clinical Medicine) (group 1) and students of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education (groups 2, 3 and 4). To diagnose age-related parameters of readiness for learning using virtual technologies, the McVeigh's questionnaire with 13 items was used. The results of the study revealed that students who studied using virtual reality technologies showed significantly better results than students of the control group. At the same time, differences were noticed in terms of the factors affecting the quality of digital learning among students of different ages. In the future, scientists may pay attention to the possibility of using AI technologies or deep learning to improve the knowledge of medical students. Additionally, researchers may consider gender, demographic and cultural aspects in the analysis of their differences in adaptation to the digital environment of education.