This study aimed to analyze how career adaptability and job control can influence apprentices' perceptions of their work as being decent and stressful. The participants included 530 Swiss apprentices enrolled in a three-year vocational education training (VET) program. Structural equation modeling showed a positive association between career adaptability and job control and a strong negative association between decent work perception and occupational stress. Career adaptability had a specific positive relationship with decent work perception, whereas job control had a significant relationship with both decent work and occupational stress. Finally, results indicate that decent work could be a possible mediator between career adaptability and occupational stress and between job control and occupational stress. The study suggests that some personal resources and specific work conditions, such as physical and psychological safety and working hours that allow leisure and rest, could help apprentices perceive their work environment as positive and manage occupational stress.