Energy literacy is a developing field of research and practice that provides a comprehensive way of understanding how energy functions in the universe, on the earth, and in our social and personal lives. This literature review, building on an increasing momentum of research across various disciplines, outlines current energy literacy scholarship focused on a range of educational contexts (i.e., K-12, higher and post-secondary, teacher education and professional programs, and informal education). This review aims to show how energy literacy serves as a multifaceted way of developing knowledge and experiences about energy, which is an integral part of environmental and sustainability education, and that links to educational research and scholarship that supports energy transition in society more broadly.