This study analyzed the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the teacher-reported Devereux Early Childhood Assessment, Second Edition (DECA-P2) using a sample of 246 children aged between 2 and 6 years old. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine its construct validity. Reliability was evaluated based on the internal consistency of the scale items, as well as discriminant and convergent validities were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The findings provide emerging evidence of a four-factor structure (i.e., attachment, initiative, self-regulation, and behavioral concern) and support the use of this Chinese DECA-P2 as a screening instrument to identify social-emotional strengths and behavioral problems among Chinese preschool children. The limitations of this study and its implications concerning the dimensionality of the Chinese DECA-P2 for future research are discussed.