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ERIC Number: EJ1415297
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2024
Pages: 4
Abstractor: ERIC
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-1539-9664
EISSN: EISSN-1539-9672
Anxiety, Depression, Less Sleep … and Poor Academic Performance? A Decade of Smartphone Dominance and Negative NAEP Trends
Michael J. Petrilli
Education Next, v24 n1 p76-79 2024
Over the last decade, smartphones have become commonplace. Today, 95 percent of American teenagers have a supercomputer in their pocket. Jonathan Haidt, Jean Twenge, and others have brought necessary attention to the likelihood that smartphones and social media are partly to blame for the teenage mental health epidemic gripping the nation. It's not a watertight case, because it's nearly impossible to prove a causal relationship with a phenomenon as ubiquitous as this one. What scholars "can" say is that the sudden rise in teenage anxiety and depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide all happened at the same time that teenagers' adoption of smartphones passed the 50 percent mark--around 2012 or 2013. They can also show that the children most likely to engage in heavy use of smartphones and social media--girls, especially liberal girls--also experienced the greatest increase in mental health challenges. And they can point to other countries that show similar patterns. What to make of all of this? The least that can be done is to try to encourage parents to curb their tweens' and teens' phone and social media use. Educators can do their part by setting and enforcing classroom rules that phones be turned off or at least stowed away, unless there's a compelling instructional reason to use them--though that is admittedly an uphill battle (see "Take Away Their Cellphones," features, Fall 2022). Abolition is likely impossible, though some legislative proposals to make it harder for kids to access social media apps until they are 16 might help. But schools could certainly encourage parents to limit screen time to a reasonable number of hours per day, be much tougher about earlier bedtimes, and require kids to dock their phones outside their bedroom during sleeping hours. There's a strong foundation of research to back up any effort to protect and promote students' sleep, which may help ease some uncomfortable conversations (see "Rise and Shine," research, Summer 2019). More sleep might be the killer app that could make a huge difference--both for students' academic achievement and mental health. It's a good reminder as the future impact of AI on schools and society is contemplated, what likely matters most aren't the machines being used but the attention given to children's timeless human needs.
Education Next Institute, Inc. Harvard Kennedy School, Taubman 310, 79 JFK Street, Cambridge, MA 02138; Fax: 617-496–4428; e-mail: Education_Next@hks.harvard.edu; Web site: https://www.educationnext.org/the-journal/
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers - Assessments and Surveys: National Assessment of Educational Progress
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A