This study examines the legacy of ancient cultures by comparing the logical principles of Chinese and Greek mythology. Using the structural analysis method of Levi-Strauss and a narrative literature review methodology (based on a review of 69 articles), we identified seven factors, including fate, heroism, gods, nature, ethics, symbolism, and allegory. Our findings suggest that, despite cultural differences, ancient Chinese and Greek mythology share similarities that continue to influence contemporary writing. These issues have both practical and theoretical ramifications for authors, historians, and consumers interested in the connection between mythology and literature. However, this study has several shortcomings, including a lack of primary sources and an emphasis on Chinese and Greek civilizations. Future research could examine the legacies of other ancient societies as well as the impact of mythology on various literary genres. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion regarding the significance of historical and cultural legacies and their continued relevance in contemporary society.