A survey was conducted of 7,111 primary and secondary school teachers nationwide using an online questionnaire during the COVID-19 epidemic. The results show that national and provincial online education resources and platforms have played a leading role during the COVID-19 epidemic, but it is difficult for existing resources to meet actual needs. Online teaching modes are diverse, but the participation of primary and secondary school teachers in online educational research is seriously inadequate. There have been evaluations of online teaching, but the evaluation method and teacher participation rate do not give cause for optimism. Online teaching has achieved clear results, but the problems and difficulties that it faces should not be ignored. Given this, this article proposes some countermeasures, such as building up online education resources, adopting multiple online teaching evaluation methods, and establishing online teaching incentives and compensation mechanisms. [Translation by Desmond Cheung.]