The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between flow intelligence (Gf), age and cognitive abilities of processing speed (Comp) of attention (Incomp) and reaction inhibition (Flef) in relation to the level of Mathematical proficiency (MP) of preschool students. Sixty-four kindergarten students participated in the research. Based on the results, it was shown that mathematical competence (MP) shows a strong positive correlation with the variables "age" (age) "flow intelligence" (Gf). These variables were found to be able to predict the level of mathematical competence. The variables "information processing speed" (Comp), "attention" (Incomp) and "reaction inhibition" (Flef) do not seem to be significantly related nor can they predict the level of mathematical competence. These findings can be used both by teachers (e.g. implementation of early intervention programs) and by those responsible for planning and formulating educational policy.