Since the post-George Floyd protests and Black Lives Matter/Antifa riots of last summer, the left has become increasingly insistent about the need to "do more" to eliminate what it sees as "systemic racism"--a demand that implicitly, and often explicitly, rejects as woefully inadequate the results of what is by now almost fifty years of affirmative action. The often-dormant resolve of conservatives and others to resist racial preference policies has been aroused by the decisive rejection of Proposition 16 by California voters, the attempt of Democrats to repeal Proposition 209 and revive affirmative action in that state. The gap between elites and popular opinion, between left and right, between Democrats and Republicans, is perhaps wider on this issue than any other. There are virtually no elected or appointed Democrats in federal or state government remaining who believe it is necessary for the state to treat citizens "without regard" to race or ethnicity. Thus even if affirmative action remains as a label, its substance is sure to change. This change will not be the first it has undergone. John S. Rosenburg argues that society should start to think of its next phase as Affirmative Action: Release 3.0.