The purpose of this study was to investigate students' perceptions of responsibility in the context of physical education. 17 6th-grade students (7 boys and 10 girls) from 9 Greek elementary schools were interviewed. Theory and data driven thematic analysis was conducted. The Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model provided a conceptual framework to guide data analysis. Most of the students' values, motives, attitudes, intentions, and experiences reflected the foundational responsibility goals included in the TPSR model; however, students' awareness of more advanced manifestations of responsibility in physical education was weaker. Findings shed light on Greek students' perceptions of responsibility in physical education (PE) classes and other settings. The TPSR model provided a relevant framework for describing and interpreting students' perceptions of responsibility. However, there was a marked discrepancy between students' perceived values of responsibility and their reported experiences. Implications for promoting responsibility in physical education are discussed.