The assessment of fine motor skills in preschoolers becomes a determining indicator of a child's health conditions. The objective of the present study was to determine the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal risk factors of children with delayed development of fine motor skills. The participants were 240 boys and girls from 2 to 5 years old from the Child Development Centers of Neiva Huila Colombia. Abbreviated Developmental Scale (EAD-3) was applied to assess fine motor skills at children. Sociodemographic survey was applied to mothers to collect prenatal, perinatal and post-natal background information of the boys and girls who were part of the study. The results showed that there is a correlation between fine motor skills and prenatal risk factors such as the use of psychoactive substances and signs of abortion during pregnancy. As well as perinatal risk factors such as gestation time, duration of delivery, birth weight and postnatal risk factors such as constant falls.