This paper reports findings of a project on pedagogical translanguaging (PTL) among 128 fourth-grade students learning English as a foreign language (EFL) in German primary schools. Over a period of six months, 20% of lesson time in EFL classes was devoted to multilingualism involving students' minority languages. In a control group pre-post-test design, we evaluated the effects of PTL on English vocabulary, grammar, and metalinguistic awareness. The longitudinal results show significant gains for both majority-language and minority-language students across all competences. Yet, the PTL group did not outperform a comparison group that received regular, i.e. target-language-only EFL teaching. We critically discuss the scope and potentials of PTL in early FL teaching.